Water is very important not just for drinking but agricultural activity. It is necessary to have
large amounts of good quality water to achieve and maintain harvests. Water consumption in the
on the earth during the twentieth century increased seven fold while the population increased only
by three times. Agriculture is largest world water user.

In Pakistan we have the world’s best water system and have many water resources e.g. rainfall,
glacier, rivers and dams, surface water, and ground water. But we need to better water supply
management and water storage.

There are three use of water resources in Pakistan
Agriculture, industry and household.

In domestic we consume only 2% out of total consumption. 

Drinking water supply in Pakistan is characterized by some achievements and many challenges. Despite high population growth the country has increased the share of the population with access to an improved water source from 85% in 1990 to 92% in 2010. It is reported that in Pakistan there are 44% of the total population is without any access to safe drinking water. And this problem of clean drinking water can be more in visibly seen in rural areas. Our people and government do not care about the clean water. That's why as a result almost 2.5 lakh children die of diarrhoeal diseases every year.  water is accepted in Islamic teaching as an essential source of life, of which everybody has the right to a fair share. According to a Hadith , it was stated by our beloved prophet Muhammad (PBUH) "Muslims have common share in three things which are fire, water and grass.

In industrial sectors we use 5% water out of the total share. manufacturing and other industries use water during production process for either creating their products or cooling equipment used in creating their products. Water is also used in petroleum refineries and industries producing chemical products, food and paper products. In Pakistan water is used in many industries as raw material. from 2000 to onward the major areas of Pakistan where industries are strong water is used in large scale. Like leather industries and cotton industries.

The rest 93% water used in agricultural sector in Pakistan. As I mention about the resources of water in Pakistan so let discus in detail. Firstly, there are two major sources of rainfall in Pakistan. monsoon and the western disturbances. The related contribution of rainfall in most of the canal commands is low when compared with the other sources of irrigation water like canal and groundwater. Secondly the snow and ice from the glacier in summer season flow the 80% indus river. jhelum and chanab river also flows the 50% water from glacier.

Surface water is the major source in Pakistan for agricultural purpose. Jhelum river, Chanab, Ravi and Sindh and many other small river provides water to Pakistan. its unfortunate for Pakistan that we don't take the benefits from the surface water as we can. Kalabag dam is the major restriction in Pakistan because government wants to build it but other parties against it and say that they will not provide land for this project. so we should concentrate on other small dams to fulfil our needs.

Ground water has also its importance where ground water can not be reached. but the problem is people use ground water where surface water is available. Government should take action about this issue. After the late 1950s, over a period of 30 years 13500 tubewells were installed to lower the ground water by the government. Of these, about 9800 were in the Punjab. And now more than 50000 tubewells supply about 41.6 MAF of supplemental irrigation water every year.

There are number of key issues relating to water resources which confront Pakistan today. It is extremely important that as a first step these issues are understood by government. They should take step to resolve these major issues in the larger interest of the country, its people and the fiture generations. These problems are listed below.

• Lack of trust among the provinces especially between Punjab and Sindh
• Construction  on greater thal canal in Punjab
• Wastage water in irrigation system
• Efficient use of irrigation water and application of modern technologies  

More crop per drop philosophy in which we can save water. Agriculture is the biggest water consumer. It uses around 70 percent of all freshwater withdrawls worlwide. With the growing population, agriculture will face more competition from industrial and domestic water users. This is why agriculture will have to use water more efficiently. In pakistan we have poor water storage system. We waste water every year in summer in the shape of floods. If we build dams we can avoid from floods and can save our crops. When we compare Pakistan with India, they save the water than us. Both countries have the same structure. They subsidies the formers in different shapes and as a result they are beyond us in agriculture. In America they have best water supply and have more universities in which they teach that how to promote agriculture. That is why they avail 2 percent more crops per acer than Pakistan. 
We should adopt the method of crop per drop because it can be fruitful for our agricultural success. If we adopt it then we have the opportunities to save water for other sources. And we can provide water to every crop efficiently.

Water resources management in Pakistan is very poor than the other developed agricultural economies. here are the challenges that are listed bellow.
1) Shrinking water resources
2) Increase population pressure 
3) High water losses in irrigation system
4) Over exploitation of groundwater  
5) Watercourse improvement
6) Land levelling
7) Gated pipe irrigation 

The decrease of water resources in Pakistan has been a major concern for over a decade. Multiple global and local organizations such as the UN, IUCN and the Pakistani Government have been studying and strategizing on how to prevent this issue from becoming a major issue.  Some of the basic causes of the water shortage problem in Pakistan include population growth, urbanization, high water losses in irrigation systems, low agriculture productivity, and melting of glaciers due to rising temperatures.Pakistan uses a whopping 95% of its fresh water resources for agriculture purposes while most other developing countries use only 70 to 80%. The decreasing water supplies of the country are already having a devastating impact on the agriculture industry.

the entire system of canals and watercourse runs a distance of almost 196000 Kms. About 40% of irrigation water is lost during its course from the river to the field through a network of over 42000 watercourse. but with a transmission loss of 40%, only 29% MAF irrigates the crops. A sizeable proportion, of these losses is due to poor condition of watercourse.

Land leveling is the major problem of water supply in Pakistan.  Laser Land Leveler is an Agricultural Machine used by Farmers worldwide to level the farm field using Laser Technology. It has been researched that use of Laser Land Leveler (a) Increases the Yield by 50%, Saves the precious water used for irrigation upto 35 to 45% and Saves Energy because of lesser requirement of irrigation to the fields.

There are many issues in Pakistan on water supply to agriculture but we have a lot of solution of these problems. we can solve these problems easily, e.g. Kala bagh dam is the major issue for pakistan and it becomes the national issue for us. No doubt that kala bagh dam can be the game changer for pakistan in matter of power shortage. But we can also build the small dams instead of it. From where we can store water in summer in these dams which destroy the national crops almost every year in the shapes of flood. We can use properly water resources like, Pakistan have the best environment where rainfall play an important role. We should save water from the rainfall for the upcoming time. another problem is that, major area of Pakistan depends on Tube Well. Although it is the easy way but where canal water is available the government should not allow the farmers to use tube well. But allow those where canal water not reaches. Government should spread small canals to every cultivated area because it is the cheapest way to irrigate. 

It is the modern era, we should introduce new technologies to the formers for water supply. It is the big issue for us that we use old methods for agriculture and water supply. Where other developed nations uses the modern technologies and that's why they are beyond than us. Laser level machine is the useful tool for water supply. We should level the yield first then waters the crops because it saves water approximately 40% and also the cost and time saving method. We waste our groundwater in shape of over exploitation almost 80% in private sector and there is no restriction or control on its extraction. If want to save water we should have to control over the over exploitation of groundwater.

Implementation of water management mega projects has shown immediate returns in terms of water savings and productivity enhancement being cost affected, non controversial and well accepted technologies by farming communities.
Desert areas may be developed following the methods of Alien (UAE), Sanai (Israel/Egypt), Ghobi (China) and Rajasthan (India). China is the best example for Pakistan because in desert area they have spread the plastic sheet beneath the sand, for this water not absorb so much and they save water almost 50%.
In built provision in new projects for research and development back up and capacity building support to executing agencies for innovative water management practices particularly pressurized irrigation system. 

In conclusion, water supply is the biggest issue for Pakistan. We waste a lot of water every year in different shapes like, floods, rain and in the agriculture as well. Agriculture is largest water user in Pakistan and we waste huge amount of water in it because of poor water management strategies. Water storage capacity also to short and we stuck in the middle in the matter of building dams. although build  small dams can be the solution of storage capacity. Resources of water are blessing on us by the Almighty Allah, we have need to improve our system. And more crop per drop is the best strategy in which water do not waste and more outputs can be produced.